20 Nov, 2020
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Lamborghini
Huracan STO
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STO, or Super Trofeo Omologata, becomes the hottest version of
Lamborghini Huracan. On paper, the STO is slower than Performante or
even the standard Huracan Evo. Its top speed is only 193 mph, down from
202, while 0-60 mph takes a tenth longer at 2.9 seconds. Likewise, 9.0
seconds to go from 0-124 mph is a touch slower than the Performante.
However, on a racing track, this car should be significantly faster,
thanks to modifications in aerodynamics, suspension as well as weight
loss.
Unlike the Performante, the STO is rear-wheel drive, just as any track
cars should be. Its body work is largely bespoke. 75 percent of all
body panels are made of carbon-fiber, and some of them, like the front
bonnet/fenders and rear fenders, are made of sandwiched carbon-fiber
structure to save even more weight. Note that its new body work also
changes the shape a little. While other Huracans have their C-pillars
enveloping the rear fenders, the STO employs tapered C-pillars, leaving
the rear fenders exposed thus reducing frontal area. The fenders
incorporate small NACA ducts for engine breathing, and they generate
less drag. A manually adjustable, double-plane carbon-fiber rear wing
provides extra downforce, while a vertical fin, extended from the
roof-mounted air scoop, cleans up the air over the rear body and
improves the efficiency of rear wing. Turn to the front, the new air
splitter feeds more air towards the underbody and rear diffusers. The
front bonnet incorporates a pair of ducts to aid cooling and downforce.
The fenders, now integrated with the bonnet as a single piece, add
louvered outlets to release air pressure in the wheel wells. Overall,
Lamborghini claims the car produces 53 percent more downforce than the
Performante, for a total of 450 kg at 174 mph.
Power of the 5.2-liter V10 remains at 640hp. Although peak torque is
down from 442 to 417 lbft, it is still slightly more than the RWD
Huracan.
The weight reduction program seems to be less successful than its
aerodynamics. Normally, by ditching the front-wheel-drive system alone
we can expect a reduction of 50kg or so. In addition to the use of
magnesium wheels, the aforementioned extensive use of carbon-fiber body
work, the stripped-out interior (door panels, racing buckets and even
floor mats are made of carbon-fiber), a titanium semi-roll cage,
thinner windscreen... the STO is only 43 kg lighter than the
Performante, with a dry weight of 1339 kg.
Changes to the chassis is relatively modest. The suspension seems to
keep the same springs and geometry, although stiffer bushings and
anti-roll bars are fitted, while the magnetic adaptive dampers are
retuned. The front track seems to be widened, but Lamborghini provides
no details. Lastly, the brakes have been upgraded to Brembo CCM-R, same
as McLaren Senna, while air ducts are added to cool the front brakes.
Surprisingly, the STO is not a limited edition but a production model
sitting atop the Huracan family tree. It will cost around
£260,000 in the UK, a signficant increase over the £213K
Performante, but still cheaper than McLaren 765LT or Mercedes-AMG GT
Black series.
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20 Nov, 2020
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New
Maybach S-class
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Following the debut of new S-class W223, its Maybach variant is also
renewed. As always, the Maybach version uses flamboyant cosmetics to
distinguish itself from its mainstream sister, such as a two-tone paint
scheme, a waterfall grille, more chromes and extra badges on its
C-pillars and wheels. With a 180mm extension of wheelbase, the car
meaures nearly 5.5 meters long, so it really needs the optional 4-wheel
steering to help it thread through tighter streets. All of the longer
wheelbase is spent to the rear passenger room, allowing the fitment of
reclining airliner seats, whose legrests incorporate massagers.
Disappointingly, the cabin architecture, trims and electronics are just
the same as the regular S-class, not quite as bespoke as Rolls-Royce or
Bentley. The only exception is a refrigerator and wine glass storage
fitted between the rear seats.
Refinement of the cabin is boosted by extra noise insulating foams and
thicker glass at the rear quarter windows, which is fixed to the body
instead of the doors, unlike the regular S-class.
Mechanicals are just the same as the S-class. The air suspension can be
equipped with e-active body control which uses 48V actuators and
road-scanning stereo camera to predict bumps. 3 engines are offered:
S580 is powered by a 4-liter V8 with 510hp; S580e combines a 3-liter
striaght-6 with plug-in hybrid power for a total of 510hp; S650 employs
the aging 6-liter V12 with 612hp.
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20 Nov, 2020
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Industrial
News
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UK
ban ICE cars from 2030
UK follows Germany to ban the sale of internal combustion engine new
cars from 2030. Plug-in hybrid will be given 5 more years during the
transitional phase. This means after 2035 no one can buy a new car with
an engine in the country. With only 10 years to go, what will the likes
of Ferrari and Aston Martin do? Can you imagine a new world without
cylinders and engine noise?
Most developed countries have announced similar plans in order to meet
the reduction targets set out by The Paris Agreement. Norway is the
most radical among them, banning new ICE cars from 2025. Many other
European countries have set out 2030 as the deadline, while France,
Spain, Canada, Taiwan and Singapore opt for 2040. The USA has no
intention to ban ICE cars under the Trump administration, but it might
change soon. Anyway, California will go ahead by 2035.
However, China, by far the biggest producer and consumer for cars in
the world, has yet to confirm its commitment to the issue.
Mercedes builds engine together with Geely
Just a week ago, Daimler chairman Ola Kallenius said the company will
shrink in the next 5 years as it shifts to electric power, because
electric powertrains are simpler and take far fewer man-hours to build
than conventional engines and transmissions. Now it gets clearer what
he means. Daimler is setting up a joint-venture with Geely, which owns
9.69% stake in Daimler, to build 3 or 4-cylinder modular engines in
China. The JV will supply both companies, including the small cars of
Mercedes, just when its German factories are turning to build electric
motors. In other words, Mercedes wants to share costs with Geely as it
is withdrawing from ICE. Expect no more significant investment in
engine technology to be seen from now to the ban of ICE cars by 2030 in
Germany and UK. Sadly.
Toyota Crown to die
The current, 15th generation Toyota Crown is just 2 years old, but
there is already news in Japan saying it will be axed soon. Sales of
the car, which is bounded in Japan, drops to just 18,000 units in the
first 10 months this year, a night and day difference from the 200,000
units level it used to enjoy in the 1990s. If the news is accurate, the
Mk15 will be the last of the line and phase out next year, although
Toyota may reuse the label on an SUV.
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19 Nov, 2020
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Subaru BRZ
Mk2
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Affordable coupes are a thing of the past. The Subaru BRZ / Toyota 86
twins are the last of the breeds. Fortunately, as long as Akio Toyoda
is on helm, he is not going to let them die.
The Japanese duo has always been a great example for the kind - not
very quick, but feelsome, drift-friendly and enormous fun to drive.
However, since their birth in 2012, fans are wishing for more power,
which was never fulfilled during their entire lifecyle. Fortunately, as
the Mk2 is developed, the wish is finally answered.
Powering the second generation cars is a new 2.4-liter boxer engine,
still provided by Subaru (whch keeps its role as the project leader),
and still naturally aspirated, as opposed to the turbocharging mill
that most rumors talked of. In the world of turbocharging everywhere, I
actually prefer to keep naturally aspiration, whose keener throttle
response and enthusiasm for rev are great assets to the cars.
Preidictably, the new engine keeps the essential technology unchanged,
such as DVVT and Toyota's D-4S direct and port injection system.
Compression ratio has been lifted from 12.5 to 13.5:1, but there is
still no mild-hybrid, because its makers decide to skip European market
this time around and focus on the US market. Frankly, EU is no longer a
great place for traditional sports cars.
The 2.4-liter engine keeps the 86 mm stroke of the old engine, but has
its bore enlarged from 86 to 96 mm. It produces 228 horsepower, up from
205 (or 200 back in 2012). This is released at the same 7000 rpm,
although redline is down from 7400 to 7000 rpm as well. More
importantly, the larger boxer provides the mid-range torque that fans
asked for. It produces 184 lbft at 3700 rpm, versus 156 lbft at a
sky-high 6400 rpm of the old 2.0-liter unit. That should make a huge
difference in real-world driving.
The old car's 6-speed manual gearbox is kept, as is the optional
6-speed automatic. No performance figures are available, but I suppose
you can expect sub-6 seconds 0-60 mph time.
The new car is barely heavier than the last one by 8 kg, tipping the
scale at 1277 kg. This must thanks to keep using the old platform and
the overall body dimensions virtually unchanged. At 4265mm, it is just
25mm longer than the old car. It keeps the same 1775mm body width,
while the 1310mm height is 25mm taller, should give the driver more
headroom. The 2575mm wheelbase is only 5mm longer. The BRZ's exterior
styling is also remarkably close to the old car, albeit with a new nose
and headlights.
The monocoque body is reinforced in many areas, especially subframes
and suspension mounting points, so its torsional rigidity is lifted by
50 percent, while front lateral stiffness gains 60 percent, both should
help handling and refinement. To cut weight, apart from bonnet, now it
also use aluminum to make the roof panel and front fenders. As the
platform remains, so are the suspension consisting of MacPheson struts
up front and double-wishbones at the back. To keep its price at an
affordable $30,000, there is still no adaptive damper option, but
Torsen LSD is now standard across the range.
The standard car still rides on 17-inch wheels with 215/45 tires, but
premium model is upgraded to 18-inch wheels and 215/40 tires, and the
latter are grippier Michelin Pilot Sport 4S. Hopefully, with more power
and more grip, the balance between them remains unchanged.
Inside, the cabin is still made with cost control very much in mind,
but that's not bad for poorer buyers. Despite that, equipment are
updated, including a 7-inch TFT instrument and an 8-inch touch screen.
If you wonder why its designers don't take this opportunity to clean up
and modernize the interior design, you might be pleased that its
old-school switches are actually less distracting to use, which is very
important for a car focusing on driving.
The new BRZ won't be available right now, however. There is still a
full year before it goes on sale in the USA. Before then, you will see
the introduction of its sister, Toyota GR86, and have plenty of time to
decide which one to purchase.
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4 Nov, 2020
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VW Golf R
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Following GTI and GTI Clubsport, the performance flagship of Golf, the
Golf R, is finally released.
The R badge started life some 18 years ago with the first R32 based on
Golf Mk4. It employed a 240hp narrow-angle 3.2-liter VR6 and 4WD. The
Mk5 kept the R32's format, but when emission regulations started
tightening, the Mk6 turned to 2.0 turbo four, and this continued in
Mk7.
The Mk8 Golf R keeps this format. The latest iteration of EA888 engine,
or evo4, keeps most of the goodies, including dual-mode injection, DVVT
and variable valve lift in the exhaust side, but its direct injectoin
pressure has been lifted to 350 bar for improved combustion efficiency.
Now it produces 320 horsepower, 20 up from the last Golf R, although
you might remember the 2017-19 model once offered 310 hp. As for
maximum torque, 310 lbft from 2100-5350 rpm is also a new height for
the series, being 15 lbft more than the old car's. Volkswagen is
believed to be holding back its output for an even higher performance
model in the future.
In Europe and most other markets, the new R is offered with only a
7-speed DSG gearbox, whose ratios have been tightened to improve
acceleration. 0-60 mph takes 4.5 seconds, which is actually a tenth
adrift of the 2017-19 model. Top speed is normally regulated at 155
mph, but a performance pack can free it to 168 mph. Drivers in the USA
are luckier, as they are offered with a 6-speed manual beside the DSG
option.
What really lifts the Mk8 Golf R above its predecessor is the enhanced
4motion 4WD system. As before there is a Haldex multiplate clutch
located at the rear axle to distribute up to 50 percent torque to the
rear, but now the rear differential has been added with a pair of
multiplate clutch packs to do torque vectoring, allowing 100 percent of
the available rear axle torque to be directed to either rear wheels, so
to neutralize understeer or even introduce oversteer. No wonder it has
added a Drift mode for entertainment purpose. For comparison, the GKN
Twinster hardware of the last Ford Focus RS could direct up to 70
percent torque to the rear and 100 percent of which to either rear
wheels. The Volkswagen's system might be less rear-biased, but it seems
to be more durable and fuel effiicent to me.
Modifications to the rest of the chassis is predictable. The R's
suspension is set 20mm lower than that of the cooking models or 5mm
lower than the GTI, accompanied with springs and anti-roll bars that
are 10 percent stiffer than the last generation. The front wheels are
set with more negative camber to improve grip and cornering agility.
The front subframe is converted to aluminum to save weight. DCC
adaptive dampers continue to be optional. The front brakes have been
enlarged from 340 to 357mm, but they are still lighter, thanks to
switching to aluminum disc hubs and calipers. In addition to the usual
tweaks in aero kits, the new Golf R is capable to lap Nurburgring in
7:53, 17 seconds quicker than its predecessor. It might not be the
fastest hot hatch in the world, but it guarantees all-weather
performance and an all-round manner that few or nobody could touch.
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